The History Place - Child Labor in America: Investigative Photos of Lewis Hine . Of all the interpretations of industrial history, it would be difficult to find one more perverse than that which ascribes the suffering of children to capitalism and its Industrial Revolution. Child Labor in the Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution transformed Great Britain into the export capital of the world, however, the social, economic, and political effects of child labor in textile mills in the 19th century as a result of the Industrial Revolution were detrimental to Great Britain. This blog does not represent official Library of Congress communications. Industrial Revolution - Child Labor. Students will predict and make logical conclusions about each document studied. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. See 4580 Location: Comanche County, Oklahoma/Lewis W. Hine. His let was set wrong at first. Home; Child Labor. Era 6 -The Development of the Industrial United States (1870-1900)Standard 3A -Demonstrate understanding of how the "second industrial revolution" changed the nature of work and conditions of work. This Primary Source Set is merely a sample of resources from the digitized collections of the Library of Congress. A clipping. Trapper Boy, Turkey Knob Mine, MacDonald, W. Va. The Children’s Lives set includes several pictures by Lewis Wickes Hine and the National Child Labor Committee. Humphries, J., Childhood and child labour in the British industrial revolution (Cambridge, 2010) The International Handbook Of Development Economics (Volume 2, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2008) provides in its chapter 51 estimates of labour force participation rates … remove content for any reason whatever, without consent. Scavengers. This lesson correlates to the National Standards for Civics and Government. In the next few years, the federal government passed several laws to try to regulate child labor, but the Supreme Court declared them unconstitutional. Primary Sources: 1) Deane, Phyllis. December 12th, 1882 Violet Hodges Age: 9 Job: Seamstress Dear Journal, "The History Place - Child Labor in America: Investigative Photos of Lewis Hine." Second picking (#4881) Location: Gildersleeve, Connecticut/L.W. While these items can be used alone, they also can be studied in conversation with each other or with other items from the National Child Labor Committee collection and other collections. May 26, 2017 - Industrial Revolution and Child Labor Source Analysis - This 14 page package includes 5 engaging and informative yet short primary sources about child labor during the Industrial Revolution. The practice of child labor existed until the Fair Labor Standards Act was passed in 1938. Have a class debate on child labour with half of the class arguing for child labour. the Industrial Revolution probably could not have happened. Growing up in industrial cities and towns would have been a unique experience by children of this time – for it was they who saw … Similarly, The Industrial Revolution and  Political Cartoons sets have items related to child labor, such as the Breaker Boys photo and the cartoon. Other. See also label 1931. 94 During the Gilded Age (period between the Civil War and World War I when the United States population and economy grew quickly), two-thirds of child labor was done on the farm. Cotton Times focusing on the Industrial Revolution in Lancashire from the mid eighteenth century: Crystal Palace Exhibition in London in 1850: The Emancipation of British Women: 1750-1920 (Spartacus) may result in removed comments. Teaching activities on this site have received the CC0 Public Domain Dedication ; authors have waived all copyright and related rights to the extent possible under the law. For example, how might details from the Breaker Boys photo be used to support the main idea of the cartoon? Source 1: Extract from a Factory Inspectors report – … This does not necessarily mean that they are accurate but they do give us a good idea of what life was like for children in the industrial cities of C19 Britain. Many children ended up in factories. 94 During the Gilded Age (period between the Civil War and World War I when the United States population and economy grew quickly), two-thirds of child labor was done on the farm. Selected from the Children’s Lives…primary source set, Salvin Nocito, 5 years old, carries 2 pecks of cranberries for long distance to the “bushel-man.” Selected from the Children’s Lives…primary source set, Detail from item record; click a link for additional resources. Childhood Lost:Child Labor During the Industrial Revolution Resource Booklet | Primary Source Set. A moments glimpse of the outer world Said she was 10 years old. They can be studied and examined individually, but comparing items can enrich understanding and prompt questions to drive further discovery and research into additional primary sources. Child labour was not an invention of the Industrial Revolution. We further reserve the right, in our sole discretion, to remove a user's Research and brainstorm child labor laws effective today. This Primary Source Set is merely a sample of resources from the digitized collections of the Library of Congress. Factory Pollution. But in much of pre-industrial Britain, there simply was not very much work available for children. About | Press | Jobs | Donate They had to work to earn money. Similarly, The Industrial Revolution and Political Cartoons sets have items related to child labor, such as the Breaker Boys photo and the cartoon. For instance not only is poverty the leading cause of child labor, but there is also the fact that businesses take advantage of this poverty and force people to stay within the … 5 year old Helen and her stepsisters "hulling" strawberries at Johnson's Hulling Station, Seaford, Del. Cunningham (1990) argues that the idleness of children was more a problem during the Industrial Revolution than the exploitation resulting from employment. The Library of Congress does not control the content posted. Selected from The Industrial Revolution primary source set, Cartoon, National Child Labor Committee Collection. The machine looks very big and dangerous to these 2 boys who only look around the age of 6-7. Boy had to stoop on account of low roof, photo taken more than a mile inside the mine. Eastern Illinois University is authorized to operate as a postsecondary educational institution by the Illinois Board of Higher Education. (17) Ivy Pinchbeck, Women Workers and the Industrial Revolution (1930) page 266 (18) Peter Kirby, Child Labour in Britain, 1750-1870 (2003) page 14 (19) Michael Lavalette, A Thing of the Past? Primary source documents included on this site generally come from the holdings of the National Archives and are in the public domain, except as noted. They can be studied and examined individually, but comparing items can enrich understanding and prompt questions to drive further discovery and research into additional primary sources. Not until 1938 did the federal government successfully regulate the minimum age of employment and hours of work for children. See also photo 488 Jan 19, 1909 Location Macon, Georgia. Vera Hill, 5 years old picks 25 pounds a day. Students might repeat this exercise with other topics. Jump to: Background Suggestions for Teachers Additional Resources The Industrial Revolution took place over more than a century, as production of goods moved from home businesses, where products were generally crafted by hand, to machine-aided production in factories. Piecers. Select sets are also available as ebooks. It presents similar information to my primary source and also adds on to that information. History Hook Source: C 106/44. Child Labor in 19 c England - primary documents of reformers, supporters, etc. The practice of child labor existed until the Fair Labor Standards Act was passed in 1938. : University Press, 1965. (See photo 2050) Location: Dunbar. Jump to: Background Suggestions for Teachers Additional Resources The Industrial Revolution took place over more than a century, as production of goods moved from home businesses, where products were generally crafted by hand, to machine-aided production in factories. Links to external Internet sites on Library of Congress Web pages do not constitute the Library's endorsement of the content of their Web sites or of their policies or products. Breaker boys, Woodward Coal Mines, Kingston, Pa. Children had long had a place in domestic farming, unlike mill and factory work that grew out of the Industrial Revolution. This was particularly true in Britain, where the Industrial Revolution first began in the 1700s. As work was often scarce in the country, rural children tended to start work later – typically at 10 and a half years old. He examines the Report on the Poor Laws in 1834 and finds that in parish after parish there was very little employment for children. Similarly, The Industrial Revolution and Political Cartoons sets have items related to child labor, such as the Breaker Boys photo and the cartoon. This shows how bad child labour is and to especially young kids during the Industrial Revolution. Crosby.]. The Industrial Revolution brought not only new job opportunities but new laborers to the workforce: children. Witness E. N. Clopper. During the Industrial Revolution diary entries were often kept as a reminder of the tough times people has gone through of hard labour and moving! In the United States, there were over 750,000 children under the age of … Students will predict and make logical conclusions about each document studied. All the following passages are primary source evidence. . Analyze Primary Source Documents, brainstorming with group members about the working conditions, hours, pay, dangers, and other factors about child labor. It shows 2 young boys working on a very large machine that is in the spinning factory so they are spinning cotton. Childhood Lost:Child Labor During the Industrial Revolution Resource Booklet | Primary Source Set Introduction In the years that followed the Civil War, known as the “Rise of Industrial America, 1876 – 1900” on the American Memory Timeline of the Library of Congress Learning Page, the United States emerged as an industrial giant. responsible for everything that you post. Child labor was common practice throughout much of the industrial revolution because many families needed additional income and children’s small fingers and bodies were optimal for fitting into small places and caring for machinery. Required fields are indicated with an * asterisk. For example, the item record for the North Carolina spinner offers an array of choices including the contributor, Lewis Wickes Hine, and subjects ranging from the location to “Mills” to “Textile Machinery,” and “Textile Mill Workers,” all linking to additional resources from the Library’s online collections. If time allows, direct students to research in the collections to build context and deeper understanding. Location: Evansville, Indiana. Location: Dallas, Texas Prints and Photographs, Four-year old Mary Kosco, Shucks oysters at Dunbar. See 4580 Location: Comanche County, Oklahoma/Lewis W. Hine. Life in the Factory. Start studying Industrial Revolution - Primary Source - Discipline in New Factories and Child Labour (in factories and mines). This poem was written around the time of the industrial revolution as propaganda against child labor. You are fully Children had long had a place in domestic farming, unlike mill and factory work that grew out of the Industrial Revolution. More than three dozen thematic primary source sets from the Library of Congress offer support to busy teachers with starting places for inquiry and learning. Child Labour. Child labor was a common feature in industrial societies as children as young as four years old were often employed in the factories and mines that developed during the time. Estimates show that over 50% of the workers in some British factories in the early 1800s were under the age of 14. "The History Place - Child Labor in America: Investigative Photos of Lewis Hine." Hine, Little spinner in Bill Mill #1, Macon Ga. She was so small she had to climb up on to the spinning frame to mend broken threads. This incident happened in Pennsylvania. Location: MacDonald, West Virginia. Inspector General | Legal | Accessibility | External Link Disclaimer | USA.gov, Children’s Lives at the Turn of the Twentieth Century, The Industrial Revolution in the United States, Development of the Industrial United States (1877-1914), Contemporary United States (1945-present), Exploration, Colonization and Settlement (1492-1763), Industrial United States, World Wars and the Great Depression (1914-1945), National Expansion and Reform (1816-1861), Revolution and the New Nation (1764-1815). Sources. The child labor reports of the period in which I made this study put the number of children under fourteen years of age working in mills as fully 25 per cent of the workers; working for a pittance, for eight, nine, ten hours a day, a night . Location: Chauncy, Pennsylvania, [Printed page of text with photo illustration: "Declaration of Dependence by the Children of America in Mines and Factories and Workshops" Assembled].Prints and Photographs, Library of Congress Online Resources for Educators (pdf), Childhood Lost: Child Labor During Industrial Revolution, Coles County: Taught with Primary Sources, Corp of Discovery: Revealing the American West, Teaching the Holocaust with Primary Sources, Presidential Campaigns: Packaging the Presidents, Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum Tools, Constant Motion: The Job of Railway Post Office Clerks, Library of Congress Site Update "Cheat Sheet" (pdf), Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum. Location: Evansville, IndianaPrints and Phtogoraphs, 5 year old Helen and her stepsisters "hulling" strawberries at Johnson's Hulling Station, Seaford, Del.Prints and Photographs, Trapper Boy, Turkey Knob Mine, MacDonald, W. Va. [Printed page of text: "Hymn for the Working Children" by Fanny J. Primary Sources 1. The first industrial revolution. Learn About history. Facts about Child Labor during the Industrial Revolution tell the condition of the children during the industrial revolution. In the United States, there were over 750,000 children under the age of 15 working in 1870. Each item can launch investigations and research, beginning with the subjects available on the item record. You should also be able to identify primary and secondary source documents. Standard Disclaimer. Food in the Factory. Read our Illustration: ZPER 34/19. The Teachers Guide for the Children’s Lives set notes that: In 1904 the National Child Labor Committee was formed to advocate for children in the work force. unless clearly stated otherwise. This changed with industrialisation. "Document Showcase:." Rhodes Mfg. Primary Sources. Prerequisite Skills: You should be familiar with the Industrial Revolution and issues of child labor. We used this book to get information on how others during the Industrial Revolution saw it. In the mid 1800’s nearly half of England’s population was located within the city of London, as reported by the British National Archives. Estimates show that over 50% of the workers in some British factories in the early 1800s were under the age of 14. Location: MacDonald, West Virginia.Prints and Photographs. What other connections between different primary source sets can students discover? Cambridge [Eng. Each set includes a teachers guide as well as 18 primary sources selected to represent various formats and facets of the theme. 2. One of Dallas' little newsboys. LouisianaPrints and Phtoographs, Boy Working at the Saw, N.Y. Dimension Supply co.,Evansville, Ind. Teaching Activities Standards Correlations This lesson correlates to the National History Standards. privilege to post content on the Library site. Child labor was common practice throughout much of the industrial revolution because many families needed additional income and children’s small fingers and bodies were optimal for fitting into small places and caring for machinery. Of course, additional themes weave across and through the sets. Workhouse Children. Putting an End to Child Labor In the mines, children usually started by minding the trap doors, picking out coals at the pit mouth, or by carrying picks for the miners. Childhood Lost:Child Labor During the Industrial Revolution Resource Booklet. Every gift made to Eastern Illinois University -- whether it's big or small -- makes a difference. The popular critique of child labor in industrial Britain is unwarranted, misdirected propaganda. By 1900, 18 percent of all American workers were under the age of 16. Co., Lincolnton, N.C. Spinner. 3. Louisiana, Boy Working at the Saw, N.Y. Dimension Supply co.,Evansville, Ind. Gratuitous links to sites are viewed as spam and Posted in: Development of the Industrial United States (1877-1914), Teaching Tools. CHILD LABOR A newspaper clipping states that a young boy, by the name of Dennis Mckee, got his life taken. Primary Sources. Given this immense population density it comes as no surprise that the standards of living became quite questionable in it’s quality within this area and many areas like it. Physical Deformities. 3. History : Labor: Primary Sources A research guide to primary and secondary sources for labor history. Newspaper comments on new child labor law in Penn. This means that they came from people living at the time. Print. 1. This website showed images of miserable children working during the Industrial Revolution. Primary Source Set. Child Labor - Acts/Laws Passed (Timeline) 1832 - New England Unions Condemn Child Labor. Vera Hill, 5 years old picks 25 pounds a day. ... Primary Source Reading: Child Labor “For several years after I began to work in the mill, the hours of labour at our works did not exceed ten in the day, winter and summer; and even with the Nevertheless, You should know how to use commas, be familiar with journal writing, and have an understanding of the Six Traits in writing. A stream overflowed into the ventilation drift after violent thunderstorms causing the death of 26 children (11 girls aged from 8 to 16 and 15 boys between 9 and 12 years of age). A serious accident in 1838 at Huskar Colliery in Silkstone, revealed the extent of child labour in the mines. Design a poster to campaign against, or for, child labour in the factories. Many children ended up in factories. It became important in the Industrial Revolution of the 19th and 20th centuries, when it was primarily used to power steam engines, heat buildings and generate electricity. Child labor was a common practice throughout much of the Industrial Revolution. Comment and Posting Policy. The significance of child labor during the Industrial Revolution was attached to both the changes in the nature of child labor and the extent to which children were employed in the factories. Working Hours. Learn more about how to make your contribution today! Students will apply their analysis to the importance of child labor laws and laws to improve working conditons for women and men working in factories. : Child Labour in Britain 1800 to the Present (1999) page 112 (20) Anthony Ashley-Cooper, diary entry (14th May, 1842) Jump to: Preparation Procedure Evaluation Children have always worked, often exploited and under less than healthy conditions. Introduction | Primary Sources and Analysis Tools Library of Congress Resources | Primary Source Set, Choose a link below to access printable PDF versions of these materials including additional information, color images and citations.Childhood Lost:Child Labor During the Industrial Revolution Resource Booklet | Primary Source Set. They weren't only taking away education and time, but also the innocence of childhood, lives, and happiness. Vera Hill, 5 years old picks 25 pounds a day. Selected from the Political Cartoons primary source set. 2. Examining items from various sets, or the collections, can begin a dialog of sorts among the resources, corroborating or contradicting ideas as well as suggesting new paths to explore. Students will analyze primary source documents including archived photos from the Industrial Revolution. Child labour was the crucial ingredient which allowed Britain's Industrial Revolution to succeed, new research by a leading economic historian has concluded. Please read our From the evidence of Nichol Hudderson to the Children's Employment Commission, 1842: The child "...is lame now and will always be lame. They can be studied and examined individually, but comparing items can enrich understanding and prompt questions to drive further discovery and research into additional primary sources. See 4580 Location: Comanche County, Oklahoma/Lewis W. Hine.Prints and Photographs, One of Dallas' little newsboys. This blog is governed by the general rules of respectful civil discourse. For example,  primary sources and historical background on child labor are available in the sets Children’s Lives at the Turn of the Twentieth Century, The Industrial Revolution in the United States, and Political Cartoons and Public Debates. Location: Dallas, Texas, Four-year old Mary Kosco, Shucks oysters at Dunbar. Witness E. N. Clopper. the Library of Congress may monitor any user-generated content as it chooses and reserves the right to Students will analyze primary source documents including archived photos from the Industrial Revolution. Child Labour Activity. The history of Coal mining goes back thousands of years, with early mines documented in ancient China, the Roman Empire and other early historical economies. Mckee happened to step too close to the coal chute, fell in, and was burned to death. Boy had to stoop on account of low roof, photo taken more than a mile inside the mine. 3. Students will apply their analysis to the importance of child labor laws and laws to improve working conditons for women and men working in factories. The content of all comments is released into the public domain One leg is shorter then the other. This poem demonstrates how many people felt about child labor. Child labor was especially common in the late 18th century, during the early years of the Industrial Revolution. Poor children have always started work as soon as their parents could find employment for them. EIU's generous donors are helping our students fulfill their dreams every day, and you can be part of that. Industrialization, the Great Depression and the vast influx of poor immigrants in the 19th and 20th centuries, made it easy to justify the work of young children. This website showed primary sources, including photographs, newspapers, and documents of child labor, during the Industrial Revolution. (See photo 2050) Location: Dunbar. Location: Pennsylvania. You should be able to make inferences. Child labor was a common practice throughout much of the Industrial Revolution. Create a presentation based on your group question that highlights your specific child labor issue and law. Allow students time to look at one or more primary source sets to identify additional resources  to learn more.